<International Circulation>：This sounds like an exciting conference. More into your field of study: When it comes to neuroimaging which is crucial is evaluating ICH， could please discuss some current neuroimaging techniques involved in the treatment of ICH?

　　《国际循环网》：这听起来是个非常令人期待的盛会。那么下面我们谈谈您自己的研究领域吧，当谈到神经成像，就会让人想到它在评价ICH中的关键作用。请您谈谈当下神经成像技术在ICH治疗中的应用？

　Prof.Greenberg: With relation to the International Stroke Conference (ISC) I do not know of any breakthrough presentations but it remains a very active and interesting area of imaging of intracerebral hemorrhaging. One area that continues to grow is the use of the CT angiogram spot sign in patients with intracerebral hemorrhaging， so that’s building on the observation that when a contrast is given at the time of a CAT Scan evaluation， when the contrasts pools largely in one or more parts of the hemorrhage， it is fairly strong predictor for the expansion or recurrence of the hemorrhage which is currently the major target in at least a number of acute-hemorrhage trials. How and whether to integrate the spot sign， interpret it and apply it to treatment is one very active area. Another active area in intracerebral hemorrhaging is in imaging cerebral microbleeds， which are small， chronic hemorrhagic lesions that often accompany a large intracerebral hemorrhage that may conclude to a diagnosis. Also， there will be one symposium on new approaches that come under the heading of to molecular neuroimaging. An example of this is using the compounds that have developed for imaging amyloid deposits in the brain and apply that to intracerebral hemorrhaging because of its connection to cerebral amyloid angiopathy. It’s a potential way to image the vasculopathies， the amyloid deposition， in cerebral amyloid angiopathy the marker of the presence of a condition and therefore the trigger for amyloid angiopathy related hemorrhages. These are all areas that will be at least touched on in some of the presentations in this conference.

　　Greenberg 教授: 我并非对ISC会议中每个重大突破的展示都了如指掌，但我确实知道颅内出血成像领域还是非常有看点的。其中一个不断发展的领域是颅内出血患者CT血管造影标记的应用，这种方法是建立在观察CAT扫描时何时给予对比剂，以及何时对比剂可尽可能扩散到一个或多个出血点。这种方法确实可以很好的预测颅内出血的扩大和重现，这是目前急性颅内出血临床试验的主要目标。怎样整合出血点信息，解释并应用到治疗是目前研究的热点。另一个研究热点是颅内微小出血点成像，小的慢性出血性损伤常伴随大的颅内出血，有利于确定诊断。还有一个关于神经分子成像新方法的专题，例如，开发一种化合物，可以让脑内淀粉沉积部位成像，从而发现颅内出血部位，因为颅内出血往往与颅内血管淀粉样变有关。这是病变血管成像（淀粉沉淀）的有潜力方法，颅内血管淀粉样变是出现临床症状的标志，因而，也是血管淀粉样变相关出血的扳机点。这些研究都是ISC将展示的内容。
 

　　<International Circulation>： So you mentioned the new molecules for the imaging. Are these the new molecules in this new type of imaging that you mentioned the Florbetapir F18?

　　《国际循环网》：您提到新成像分子，那么我还有一个问题想请教：在新成像技术中提到的新分子是您以前提到的Florbetapir F18吗？
　Prof.Greenberg: Well the one that’s been published that I’m aware of is the predecessor， the Pittsburgh compound B. As far as I’m aware the Florbetapir F18 hasn’t yet been published for its role in detecting amyloid angiopathy but there have been several reports including the Margaret Fund that have used the Pittsburgh Compound B. Therefore it remains an area in flux but I think it’s a promising area not just for looking at not just the outcome of the hemorrhage but the small vessel pathology that gives rise to it.

　　Greenberg 教授: 我知道的已经发表的分子是Florbetapir F18的前体，即匹兹堡化合物B。据我所知，关于Florbetapir F18检测血管淀粉样变的作用还未发表，但已经有几个团队包括玛格丽特基金报道了匹兹堡化合物B的使用情况。因此，这仍是尚无定论的领域，但同时也是充满前景的领域，因为这不仅是为了观察出血后果，也为了观察导致出血的小血管疾病。

 

　　<International Circulation>： So what do you think about the difference between using CT’s and MRI’s， especially when used for imaging in subarachnoid hemorrhages?

　　《国际循环网》：你认为在蛛网膜下出血成像方面CT和MRI有何区别？

　Prof.Greenberg: For acute subarachnoid hemorrhages there different schools of thought and both can be used effectively. I do not know of new research in that area although there’s a lot going on so I might not know about it.

　　Greenberg 教授: 对急性蛛网膜下出血，不同专家观点不同，但这两种成像方法都有效。尽管这些领域有很多新进展，但我对这个领域还不太了解，所以我不能回答你的提问。
 

　　<International Circulation>：I’ve stumbled across some controversies in the area. Some people were saying that maybe we should just replace CT’s with MRI’s and that CT’s are a thing of the past as MRIs can be just as precise， if not more precise for chronic bleeds. Do you have anything to say on any of that?

　　《国际循环网》：我偶然发现了这个领域研究的一些争论。有人认为MRI可代替CT，CT已快成过去时，MRI更精确一些，至少在慢性出血方面MRI要精确的多。你对此观点有何看法？

　Prof.Greenberg: Right. MRI’s are certainly superior for chronic bleeds. That’s for sure. CT’s are still probably more widely used by the best in the field and those most confident in interpreting for acute bleeds as it is probably more specific. The MRI appearance for the acute subarachnoid hemorrhage can’t always be differentiated from other kinds of proteinaceous materials and the CT-scan is still more widely available in the United States， and certainly world-wide as the first line of imaging. Therefore I think the CT has not been replaced yet， but the MRI also picks up on chronic bleeds while the MRI doesn’t.

　　Greenberg 教授: 是的。MRI在慢性出血成像方面有优越性。CT可能更广泛用于急性出血，因为CT在急性出血成像方面特异性更高。急性蛛网膜下出血的成像往往不能很好的区分出血区和其它类似蛋白质的材料。急性蛛网膜下腔出血的MRI表现并不总能区别于其他类型的蛋白质，CT在美国仍有广泛应用，在世界范围内也是成像的一线方法。因此，我认为CT还未被取代。但是，MRI可能在慢性出血成像方面大放光彩，尽管现在还未显现。